Vitamin D, known as the ‘sunshine vitamin’, is made in the skin in response to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, and once activated in the body to the hormone calcitriol (1,25 dihydroxy-vitamin D), it...
Pregnancy and childbirth are described as transitional phases or existential thresholds that childbearing women have to cross These events are multifaceted experiences with many dimensions, unique for...
Miscarriage occurs in 20% of all pregnancies (Fernlund et al, 2018) and medical management using misoprostol is now a popular treatment option as opposed to surgical intervention Current research...
It is a woman's right to make an informed choice regarding where she wishes to give birth (Birthrights, 2013) Globally, it is recommended that women's individual health needs should be taken into...
Gestational diabetes is one of the most common complications of pregnancy (Spaight et al, 2016) The prevalence of gestational diabetes in developed and developing countries is increasing (Donovan et...
Diabetes is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and encompasses gestational diabetes mellitus, which is diagnosed during pregnancy; and pre-existing diabetes, which includes type 1...
The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing, alongside the increased prevalence of obesity, sedentary lifestyle, older age at conception and younger age at onset of type 2 diabetes, meaning that...
Chiropractic practice is based on the theory that alterations to the biomechanics of the spinal and extraspinal structures, such as the cranial and mandible bones, can lead to altered neural signals...
Anxiety is an innate human response to situations that cause fear, worry or concern It is experienced cognitively, emotionally and somatically Certain levels of anxiety are expected and typical when...
Running is embraced globally as a pastime to keep fit and health, and yet there is little information for midwives to give to women runners Running is, according to Audickas (2017), the most common...
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are classified as gestational hypertension, pre-existing or chronic hypertension and pre-eclampsia HDP complicate 10% of pregnancies and the incidence of...
Globally, an estimated one in five women aged 20 years or older is obese, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 (Ng et al, 2014) It is becoming increasingly common for pregnant women to have...
Epilepsy is the most common neurological disease to be found during pregnancy, and has a significant risk of morbidity and mortality to the woman and the developing fetus (Borgelt et al, 2016; Knight...
Women with a raised body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2 have an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications and adverse outcomes (Centre for Maternal and Child Enquiries, 2010) For most adults,...
Guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2008, 2017a; 2017b) and Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) (2014a) recommends vitamin D...
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