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Predictors of early initiation of breastfeeding among women in Jordan

02 April 2023
Research
02 April 2023
Volume 31 · Issue 4

Abstract

Background/Aims

Early initiation of breastfeeding is recommended to reinforce breastfeeding practice. This study aimed to investigate factors that influence and predict early initiation of breastfeeding in Jordan.

Methods

A total of 400 mothers attending maternal and child health centers in Amman were selected to participate in this cross-sectional study. The Chi-squared test and logistic regression were used to assess factors that influence and predict early initiation of breastfeeding.

Results

The early initiation of breastfeeding prevalence was 22.3%. Predictors of early initiation among the participants were vaginal birth (odds ratio=4.02, P=0.024), birthing in a government hospital (odds ratio=3.29, P=0.004), receiving breastfeeding counselling (odds ratio=2.75, P=0.007) and receiving breast milk as the first feed (odds ratio=13.69, P<0.001).

Conclusions

Promoting breastfeeding practice in Jordan is necessary. There is an urgent need for national efforts to provide prenatal breastfeeding counselling for pregnant women.

Breastfeeding has many benefits for infants' growth and development (United Nations Children's Fund and World Health Organization (WHO), 2019). It is widely established as a life-saving practice that reduces neonatal mortality by improving nutrition and immunity, and reducing infection (Victora et al, 2016). Early initiation of breastfeeding is defined as breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth, is especially important as it facilitates mother–child bonding, induces colostrum production, and positively affects the duration of exclusive breastfeeding (Khan et al, 2015). Consequently, the WHO (2012) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (Meek and Noble, 2022) endorse early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months (United Nations Children's Fund and WHO, 2019).

Globally, only 44% of infants under 6 months are exclusively breastfed, while the target is 70% (WHO, 2021). The last national data collected on breastfeeding in Jordan showed that only 18.6% of mothers had early initiation of breastfeeding in 2012 (WHO, 2022). A cohort study in Jordan in 2018 found that the rate of breastfeeding initiation within the first 4 hours after birth was only 13% (Dasoqi et al, 2018). This situation deprives populations of the potential improvements to population health that optimal breastfeeding can achieve.

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Breastfeeding
Caesarean section
Jordan
Mothers
Predictors